Fungi kɛ bacteria ni yɔɔ kponɔgbɛ ni shwieɔ shi, ni atsɛɔ lɛ “extracellular matrix” loo ECM lɛ yɛ jeli ni tamɔ nɔ ni etsuɔ ​​nii akɛ nɔ ni buɔ mɔ he kɛ ŋmei. Shi taakɛ nikasemɔ ko ni afee nyɛsɛɛ nɛɛ yɛ wolo tɛtrɛɛ ni ji iScience lɛ mli, ni Massachusetts Amherst Yunivɛsiti lɛ kɛ Worcester Polytechnic Institute lɛ fee ekome lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ, ECM ni yɔɔ nibii bibii komɛi amli lɛ feɔ gel yɛ oxalic acid loo acid krokomɛi ni yɔɔ mlɛo pɛ mli. Akɛni ECM tsuɔ gbɛfaŋnɔ ko ni he hiaa waa he nii yɛ nɔ fɛɛ nɔ mli kɛjɛ tsofai ni gbeɔ helai ni gbeɔ helai lɛ anɔ kɛyashiɔ paipii ni etsi amɛhe kɛ tsofafeemɔ he nibii amli mujiwoo nɔ hewɔ lɛ, bɔ ni helai bibii ni wala yɔɔ amɛmli lɛ tsuɔ amɛ sticky gel layers lɛ ahe nii amɛhaa lɛ shishinumɔ yɛ sɛɛnamɔi babaoo yɛ wɔ daa gbi shihilɛ mli.

Barry Goodell, ni ji nibii bibii ni wala yɔɔ mli lɛ ahe nilelɔ yɛ Massachusetts Amherst Yunivɛsiti lɛ, ni ji wolo lɛ ŋmalɔ nukpa lɛ kɛɛ akɛ: “Miyɛ ECM ni ji nibii bibii ni yɔɔ mli lɛ ahe miishɛɛ be fɛɛ be. "Bei pii lɛ, mɛi susuɔ ECM he akɛ eji kponɔgbɛ nɔ ko ni buɔ nibii bibii ahe. Shi ebaanyɛ etsu nii hu akɛ gbɛ ni niyenii mli hewalɛ kɛ enzymes boteɔ nibii bibii amli wala yibii lɛ amli kɛjɛɔ mli."
Nɔ ni akɛwoɔ nɔ lɛ tsuɔ nitsumɔi srɔtoi: bɔ ni ekɛ ehe kpɛtɛɔ he lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ, nibii bibii aŋkroaŋkroi baanyɛ abua amɛhe naa ni amɛfee coloni loo “biofilms”, ni kɛ́ nibii bibii ni fa bɔ ni sa fee enɛ lɛ, ebaanyɛ etsi paipii anaa loo efite tsofafeemɔ he nibii.
Shi esa akɛ ŋshɔŋloo lɛ hu afee nɔ ni nyɛɔ etsɔɔ mli: nibii bibii babaoo jieɔ enzymes srɔtoi kɛ nibii krokomɛi ni tsakeɔ amɛhe kɛtsɔɔ ECM lɛ nɔ, kɛyaa nibii ni amɛsumɔɔ ni amɛye loo amɛwoɔ hela mli (tamɔ tso ni egbo loo kooloi ni yɔɔ sɛɛgbɛ lɛ amli fãji), ni no sɛɛ lɛ, kɛji enzymes lɛ egbe amɛnitsumɔ lɛ naa lɛ, niyenii ni shwieɔ shi lɛ nitsumɔ lɛ – amɛkuɔ amɛsɛɛ amɛhaa niyenii ni haa mɔ hewalɛ lɛ kɛtsɔɔ ECM lɛ nɔ.
Enɛ tsɔɔ akɛ ECM jeee nɔ ko ni buɔ mɔ he ni bɛ hewalɛ kɛkɛ; Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, taakɛ Goodell kɛ enanemɛi tsɔɔ lɛ, etamɔ nɔ ni nibii bibii ni wala yɔɔ amɛmli lɛ yɛ nyɛmɔ ni amɛkɛkudɔɔ bɔ ni amɛ ECM lɛ mli ŋmɔlɔ yɔɔ ha lɛ, ni no hewɔ lɛ, bɔ ni enyɛɔ etsɔɔ mli lɛ. Mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ amɛtsɔɔ amɛfeɔ lɛ?
Yɛ ŋmeii amli lɛ, etamɔ nɔ ni nɔ ni jɛɔ mli baa lɛ ji oxalic acid, ni ji tsofa ko ni afɔɔ naa yɛ tsei babaoo amli, ni taakɛ Goodell kɛ enanemɛi lɛ na lɛ, etamɔ nɔ ni nibii bibii babaoo kɛ oxalic acid ni amɛjieɔ lɛ tsuɔ nii koni amɛkɛfi carbohydrates ni yɔɔ kponɔgbɛ lɛ ahe. ni feɔ nɔ ko ni shwieɔ shi. , ECM ni tamɔ jeli.
Shi beni kuu lɛ kwɛ mli jogbaŋŋ lɛ, amɛna akɛ jeee akɛ oxalic acid lɛ yeɔ ebuaa ni ekɛ ECM baa kɛkɛ, shi moŋ “ekwɛɔ nɔ” hu: bɔ ni oxalic acid babaoo ni helai bibii lɛ kɛfataa carbohydrate-acid ni akɛfutuɔ lɛ he lɛ, nakai ECM lɛ feɔ ŋmɔlɔŋmɔlɔ. Babaoo ni ECM lɛ feɔ ŋmɔlɔŋmɔlɔ lɛ, babaoo ni etsĩɔ molekulii wuji anaa koni amɛkabote loo amɛje mli, yɛ be mli ni molekulii bibii lɛ hiɔ shi ni amɛboteɔ helatsɛmɛi amli kɛjɛɔ shihilɛ mli, ni nakai nɔŋŋ eji yɛ sɛɛ mli hu.
Nɛkɛ niiamlipɛimɔ nɛɛ teɔ blema jeŋ nilee shishinumɔ ni kɔɔ bɔ ni nibii srɔtoi ni ŋmeii kɛ helai bibii jieɔ lɛ jɛɔ nɛkɛ nibii bibii nɛɛ amli kɛyaa shihilɛ mli lɛ he lɛ shi. Goodell kɛ enanemɛi wo ŋaa akɛ yɛ shihilɛi komɛi amli lɛ, ekolɛ ehe baahia ni nibii bibii ni wala yɔɔ amɛmli lɛ kɛ amɛhe afɔ̃ nibii bibii bibii ni ajieɔ lɛ kpo lɛ anɔ babaoo koni amɛtutua matriks loo fãji ni nibii bibii ni wala yɔɔ amɛmli lɛ damɔɔ nɔ koni amɛhi shi loo amɛná hela lɛ. Enɛ tsɔɔ akɛ, nibii bibii ni ajieɔ lɛ kpo lɛ hu baanyɛ atsu gbɛfaŋnɔ ko ni he hiaa waa yɛ helai ahe nitsumɔ mli kɛji akɛ enzymes wuji nyɛɛɛ atsɔ nibii bibii ni yɔɔ wala yibii lɛ amli lɛ amli.
Goodell kɛɛ akɛ: “Etamɔ nɔ ni gbɛ ko yɛ ni yɔɔ teŋgbɛ, he ni nibii bibii ni wala yɔɔ amɛmli lɛ baanyɛ akudɔ bɔ ni acidity lɛ yɔɔ ha lɛ koni amɛtsake amɛhe amɛwo shihilɛ pɔtɛɛ ko mli, ni amɛhiɛ molecules wuji lɛ ekomɛi, tamɔ enzymes lɛ amli, yɛ be mli ni amɛhaa molecules bibii lɛ tsɔɔ ECM lɛ mli mlɛo. tsofai ni gbeɔ helai, ejaakɛ tsofai nɛɛ ateŋ babaoo yɛ nibii ni da waa waa. Nɛkɛ nyɛmɔ ni akɛfeɔ nɔ ko bɔ ni sa nɛɛ ji nɔ ni baanyɛ afee nɔ titri ni baaha aye gbɛtsii nii wuji ni yɔɔ tsofafeemɔ mli nibii ni gbeɔ helai lɛ ateŋ ekome nɔ kunim, ejaakɛ ECM lɛ ni akɛtsuɔ nii koni eha etsɔ mli jogbaŋŋ lɛ baanyɛ aha tsofai ni gbeɔ helai kɛ tsofai ni gbeɔ helai lɛ atsu nii jogbaŋŋ.

Goodell kɛɛ akɛ: “Kɛ́ wɔbaanyɛ wɔkudɔ biosynthesis kɛ acid bibii tamɔ oxalate ni yɔɔ helai bibii komɛi amli lɛ, no lɛ wɔbaanyɛ wɔkudɔ nɔ ni yaa helai bibii lɛ amli lɛ hu, ni baanyɛ aha wɔtsa helai babaoo ni jɛɔ helai bibii amli lɛ jogbaŋŋ.”
Yɛ December 2022 lɛ, nibii bibii ahe nilelɔ Yasu Morita nine shɛ shika nɔ kɛjɛ National Institutes of Health lɛ dɛŋ koni ekɛfi niiamlitaomɔ ni naagbee lɛ eyiŋtoo ji ni afee tsofai heei ni tsuɔ nii jogbaŋŋ kɛha tsɛŋemɔ hela lɛ.

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