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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) lɛ yɛ gbɔmɔtsoŋ kɛ helai ahe hewalɛi babaoo yɛ gbɔmɔtso lɛ nɔ. Akɛ Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) tsuɔ nii babaoo akɛ tsofafeemɔ he dɛŋdade ni akɛkwɛɔ bɔ ni H2S tsuɔ nii ehaa yɛ wala yibii ahe kaa mli. Eyɛ mli akɛ H2S ni laajeɔ kɛjɛɔ NaHS mli lɛ heɔ minitii fioo pɛ moŋ, shi akɛ NaHS mli lɛ etsu nii akɛ nɔ ni akɛhaa kɛhaa H2S yɛ nu ni anuɔ mli yɛ kooloi ahe nikasemɔi komɛi amli. Nikasemɔ nɛɛ tao mli kɛji nu ni anuɔ ni NaHS ni falɛ ji 30 μM ni asaa he yɛ ŋmeii/ŋmei tsɛnsii amli lɛ baanyɛ ahi shi shiŋŋ kɛ hoo lɛ ŋmɛlɛtswai 12–24, taakɛ niŋmalɔi komɛi tsɔɔ lɛ. Saamɔ NaHS (30 μM) ni akɛwoɔ nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli ni okɛwo rat/mouse nu tsɛnsii amli amrɔ nɔŋŋ. Akɛ nɔkwɛmɔnii kɛjɛ nu tsɛnsi lɛ naagbee kɛ emli yɛ ŋmɛlɛtswai 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 12 kɛ 24 mli koni akɛsusu sulfide ni yɔɔ mli lɛ he kɛtsɔ methylene blue gbɛ nɔ. Kɛfata he lɛ, akɛ NaHS (30 μM) wo ŋmeii hii kɛ yei amli otsii enyɔ ni asusu serum sulfide lɛ falɛ he daa gbi kroko yɛ klɛŋklɛŋ otsi lɛ mli kɛ otsi ni ji enyɔ lɛ naagbee. NaHS ni yɔɔ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ ni ana kɛjɛ nu tsɛnsi lɛ naa lɛ mli lɛ bɛ shiŋŋ; eba shi 72% kɛ 75% yɛ ŋmɛlɛtswai 12 kɛ 24 sɛɛ. Yɛ nɔkwɛmɔnii ni ana kɛjɛ nu tsɛnsii lɛ amli lɛ amli lɛ, NaHS ni baa shi lɛ jeee nɔ ni he hiaa waa yɛ ŋmɛlɛtswai 2 mli; shi kɛlɛ, eba shi 47% kɛ 72% yɛ ŋmɛlɛtswai 12 kɛ 24 sɛɛ. NaHS ni akɛwoɔ mɔ mli lɛ enaaa serum sulfide ni yɔɔ ŋmeii hii kɛ yei amli lɛ nɔ hewalɛ. Yɛ naagbee lɛ, esaaa akɛ akɛ NaHS tsofai ni asaa kɛjɛɔ nu ni anuɔ mli lɛ tsuɔ nii kɛhaa H2S oniatsumɔ ejaakɛ tsofa lɛ bɛ shiŋŋ. Gbɛ ni atsɔɔ nɔ akɛhaa nɛɛ baaha kooloi lɛ aná NaHS ni falɛ ni ejaaa ni faaa fe bɔ ni akpaa gbɛ lɛ.
Akɛ hydrogen sulfide (H2S) etsu nii akɛ tsofa ni gbeɔ mɔ kɛjɛ afi 1700; Shi kɛlɛ, Abe kɛ Kimura tsɔɔ gbɛfaŋnɔ ni ebaanyɛ etsu akɛ endogenous biosignaling molecule lɛ mli yɛ afi 1996. Yɛ afii nyɔŋmai etɛ ni eho lɛ amli lɛ, atsɔɔ nitsumɔi babaoo ni H2S tsuɔ yɛ adesai agbɔmɔtsei srɔtoi amli lɛ amli, ni no eha ana akɛ H2S donor molecules lɛ baanyɛ aná helatsamɔhe nitsumɔi ni kɔɔ helai ahe loo cera managein; kwɛmɔ Chirino kɛ ekrokomɛi. kɛha nyɛsɛɛ nɛɛ mlikwɛmɔ.
Akɛ Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) etsu nii babaoo akɛ tsofafeemɔ dɛŋdade ni akɛkwɛɔ bɔ ni H2S tsuɔ nii ehaa yɛ wala yibii babaoo kɛ kooloi ahe nikasemɔi amli5,6,7,8. Shi kɛlɛ, NaHS jeee H2S halɔ ni hi jogbaŋŋ ejaakɛ etsakeɔ oya kɛyaa H2S/HS- yɛ tsabaa mli, ekɛ polysulfides woɔ mli oya, ni ekɛ oxidation kɛ volatilization baa oya4,9. Yɛ wala yibii ahe shikpamɔi babaoo mli lɛ, NaHS shwieɔ nu mli, ni no haa H2S10,11,12 laajeɔ, H2S11,12,13 ni baa trukaa, kɛ fotolisis14. Sulfide ni yɔɔ shishijee tsabaa lɛ mli lɛ laajeɔ oya yɛ H2S11 ni shwieɔ shi lɛ hewɔ. Yɛ tsɛnsi ni agbele mli lɛ, H2S wala fã (t1/2) ji aaafee minitii enumɔ, ni emli nibii ni yɔɔ mli lɛ baa shi aaafee 13% yɛ minitii kome mli10. Eyɛ mli akɛ hydrogen sulfide ni jɛɔ NaHS tsofa mli lɛ ni laajeɔ lɛ heɔ minitii fioo pɛ moŋ, shi kooloi ahe nikasemɔi komɛi kɛ NaHS tsofa lɛ etsu nii akɛ hydrogen sulfide jɛɛhe yɛ nu ni anuɔ mli otsii 1–21, ni ekɛ NaHS ni yɔɔ mli lɛ yeɔ najiaŋ daa 12–24 . ŋmɛlɛtswai.15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26 Nifeemɔ nɛɛ kɛ jeŋ nilee mli niiamlitaomɔ shishitoo mlai lɛ kpãaa gbee, ejaakɛ esa akɛ tsofai ni akɛtsuɔ nii yɛ kooloi krokomɛi amli, titri lɛ adesai amli lɛ adamɔ bɔ ni akɛtsuɔ nii ahaa lɛ nɔ.27
Nibii amlitaomɔ ni afeɔ dani helatsamɔhe lɛ yaa hiɛ yɛ tsofafeemɔ mli lɛ yiŋtoo ji ni eha helatsɛmɛi akwɛmɔ loo tsofafeemɔ mli nibii ni jɛɔ mli baa lɛ aya hiɛ. Shi kɛlɛ, nɔ ni jɛ kooloi ahe nikasemɔi babaoo mli ba lɛ atsɔɔɔ adesai ashishi lolo28,29,30. Yiŋtoi kome ni ha shishitsɔɔmɔ nɛɛ nyɛɛɛ atsu nii ji bɔ ni asusuuu gbɛjianɔtoo ni akɛkaseɔ kooloi ahe nii lɛ he lɛ30. No hewɔ lɛ, yiŋtoo ni yɔɔ nikasemɔ nɛɛ sɛɛ ji ni akwɛ kɛji 30 μM NaHS solutions ni asaa yɛ rat/mouse nu tsɛnsii amli lɛ baanyɛ ahi shi shiŋŋ yɛ nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli kɛyashi ŋmɛlɛtswai 12–24, taakɛ akɛɛ loo atsɔɔ yɛ nikasemɔi komɛi amli lɛ.
Afee shikpamɔi fɛɛ ni yɔɔ nikasemɔ nɛɛ mli lɛ yɛ gbɛtsɔɔmɔi ni akala kɛha laboratori kooloi akwɛmɔ kɛ nitsumɔ yɛ Iran31 lɛ naa. Shikpamɔ he amaniɛbɔi fɛɛ ni yɔɔ nikasemɔ nɛɛ mli lɛ hu nyiɛ ARRIVE gbɛtsɔɔmɔi lɛ asɛɛ32. Jeŋba He Ajinafoi Akuu ni yɔɔ Endocrine Sciences Nitsumɔhe lɛ, ni ji Shahid Beheshti Yunivɛsiti ni Kwɛɔ Tsofafeemɔ He Saji Anɔ lɛ kpɛlɛ gbɛjianɔtoi fɛɛ ni akɛkaa nii akwɛ yɛ nikasemɔ nɛɛ mli lɛ nɔ.
Ahe zinc acetate dihydrate (CAS: 5970-45-6) kɛ ferric chloride ni nu bɛ mli (CAS: 7705-08-0) kɛjɛ Biochem, Chemopahrama (Cosne-sur-Loire, France). Akɛ sodium hydrosulfide hydrate (CAS: 207683-19-0) kɛ N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DMPD) (CAS: 535-47-0) he kɛjɛ Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) dɛŋ. Ahe tsofa ni ji isoflurane lɛ kɛjɛ Piramal (Betlehem, PA, U.S.A.) lɛ dɛŋ. Ahe tsofa ni haa nu mli tseɔ (HCl) kɛjɛ Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) dɛŋ.
Saamɔ NaHS (30 μM) ni akɛwoɔ nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli ni okɛwo rat/mouse nu tsɛnsii lɛ amli amrɔ nɔŋŋ. Ahala nɛkɛ ŋwɛi ŋta nɛɛ yɛ woji babaoo ni akɛ NaHS tsuɔ nii akɛ H2S jɛɛhe lɛ nɔ; kwɛmɔ Sanegbaa fã lɛ. NaHS ji nu ni mli edɔ ni baanyɛ ahi nu ni mli eyi obɔ kɛ nu srɔtoi (ni ji, NaHS•xH2O); taakɛ nifeelɔ lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ, NaHS ni akɛtsu nii yɛ wɔ nikasemɔ lɛ mli lɛ mlijaa oha mlijaa 70.7 (ni ji, NaHS•1.3 H2O), ni wɔsusu sɛɛnamɔ nɛɛ he yɛ wɔ akɔntaabuu lɛ mli, he ni wɔkɛ molecular weight ni ji 56.06 g/mol tsu nii, ni ji molecular weight ni ji NaHS ni nu bɛ mli lɛ. Nu ni mli edɔ (ni atsɛɔ lɛ hu akɛ nu ni mli ewo kristalo) ji nu mli molekulii ni feɔ kristalo structure33. Hydrates yɛ gbɔmɔtsoŋ kɛ latsaa sui srɔtoi kɛ akɛto anhydrates34 he.
Dani obaakɛ NaHS awo nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli lɛ, susumɔ pH kɛ latsaa ni yɔɔ tsɔne ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ mli lɛ he. Amrɔ nɔŋŋ ni okɛ NaHS tsofa lɛ awo ŋmɔtɔ/ŋmei nu tsɛnsi ni yɔɔ koolooi lɛ atsu lɛ mli lɛ mli. Akɛ nɔkwɛmɔnii lɛ ba kɛjɛ nu tsɛnsi lɛ naagbee kɛ emli yɛ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 12, kɛ 24 h koni akɛsusu sulfide ni yɔɔ mli lɛ he. Asusu sulfide he amrɔ nɔŋŋ yɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ fɛɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ sɛɛ. Wɔna nɔkwɛmɔnii kɛjɛ tsɔne lɛ naa ejaakɛ nikasemɔi komɛi etsɔɔ akɛ nu tsɔne lɛ mli ŋmeii bibii lɛ baanyɛ aha H2S la ni hoɔ lɛ aba shi15,19. Etamɔ nɔ ni sane nɛɛ kɔɔ tsabaa ni yɔɔ tɔ lɛ mli lɛ hu he. Shi, jeee nakai eji yɛ tsofa ni yɔɔ nu tsɛnsi lɛ kuɛ mli lɛ he, ni eyɛ hulutsoo ni yaa hiɛ babaoo ni ehaa ehe feɔ oksijen; yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, kooloi lɛ nu nu nɛɛ klɛŋklɛŋ.
Akɛ Wistar ŋmeii hii kɛ yei tsu nii yɛ nikasemɔ lɛ mli. Akɛ ŋmeii lɛ wo polypropylene ŋtayaai amli (ŋtayaai 2–3 yɛ ŋtayaa kome mli) yɛ shihilɛi ni sa mli (dɔlɛ 21–26 °C, hulutsoo 32–40%) ni la 12 h (7 pm kɛyashi 7 pm) kɛ 12 h duŋ (7 pm kɛyashi 7 am) yɔɔ mli. Akpɔlɔi lɛ náa nu ni jɛɔ pɔmpi mli lɛ yaka, ni ahaa amɛ niyenii ni afɔɔ feemɔ (Khorak Dam Pars Company, Tehran, Iran). Ajara Wistar ŋmeii ni kɛ afii yeɔ egbɔ (nyɔji 6) (n=10, gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli tsiimɔ: 190–230 g) kɛ hii (n=10, gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli tsiimɔ: 320–370 g) lɛ mli trukaa awo kui ni kudɔɔ kɛ NaHS (30 μM) ni akɛtsaa amɛ (n=5 yɛ kuu fɛɛ kuu mli). Kɛha nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ dalɛ tsɔɔmɔ lɛ, wɔkɛ KISS (Keep It Simple, Stupid) gbɛ lɛ tsu nii, ni kɛ tsutsu niiashikpamɔ kɛ hewalɛ mlipɛimɔ feɔ ekome35. Klɛŋklɛŋ lɛ, wɔfee tsɔne he nikasemɔ ko yɛ ŋmeii 3 anɔ ni wɔtsɔɔ bɔ ni lá mli sulfide lɛ fa ha kɛ bɔ ni sɛɛkuu lɛ ji (8.1 ± 0.81 μM). No sɛɛ lɛ, kɛji akɛ wɔsusu 80% hewalɛ he ni wɔkɛ 5% shishinumɔ ni yɔɔ fãi enyɔ lɛ tsu nii lɛ, wɔtsɔɔ shishijee nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ dalɛ (n = 5 ni damɔ woji ni eho lɛ anɔ) ni kɛ nɔ ni jɛɔ mli baa lɛ dalɛ ni ato he gbɛjianɔ ni ji 2.02 lɛ kpãa gbee kɛ sɛɛnamɔ ni ato he gbɛjianɔ momo ni Festing wo ŋaa akɛ akɛbaabu nɔkwɛmɔnɔ kooloi lɛ adalɛ ni akwɛɔ mli lɛ he akɔntaabuu. Beni akɛ nɛkɛ jara nɛɛ to SD (2.02 × 0.81) he sɛɛ lɛ, nɔ ni atsɔɔ hiɛ atsɔɔ akɛ ebaaba lɛ dalɛ (1.6 μM) ji 20%, ni akpɛlɛɔ nɔ. Enɛ tsɔɔ akɛ n = 5/kuu lɛ fa bɔ ni sa ni baaha ana 20% mlijaa tsakemɔ ni yɔɔ kui ateŋ. Akɛ Excel tsɔne 36 (Supplementary Fig. 1) lɛ nitsumɔ ni akɛtsuɔ nii yɛ gbɛ ni ejaaa nɔ lɛ tsu nii kɛjara ŋmeii amli awo kui ni kudɔɔ amɛ kɛ kui ni akɛ NaSH tsuɔ nii yɛ mli lɛ amli. Afee shwilafoi yɛ nɔ ni jɛ mli ba lɛ mli, ni niiamlitaolɔi ni feɔ biochemical susumɔi lɛ leee kuu lɛ nitsumɔi lɛ.
Akɛ 30 μM NaHS solution ni asaa he yɛ nu ni anuɔ mli lɛ tsu NaHS kui ni ji hii kɛ yei enyɔ lɛ fɛɛ he nii otsii enyɔ; Akɛ tsofa hee haa daa ŋmɛlɛtswai 24, ni yɛ nakai be lɛ mli lɛ, asusuɔ gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli tsiimɔ he. Ajie lá kɛjɛ ŋmeii fɛɛ ni yɔɔ isoflurane tsofa ni haa mɔ he jɔɔ lɛ shishi lɛ atsitsii amli daa gbi kroko yɛ otsi klɛŋklɛŋ kɛ nɔ ni ji enyɔ lɛ naagbee. Akɛ lá mli saji lɛ wo 3000 g mli minitii 10, ni ajie lá mli nu lɛ mli ni akɛto –80°C koni akɛsusu lá mli nu lɛ mli urea, creatinine (Cr), kɛ sulfide fɛɛ ni nyiɛ sɛɛ lɛ he. Akɛ enzymatic urease gbɛ lɛ tsu nii kɛna lá mli nu ni yɔɔ lá mli lɛ, ni akɛ fotomɛtri Jaffe gbɛ nɔ kɛna lá mli nu ni yɔɔ lá mli lɛ mli kɛtsɔ nibii ni akɛheɔ yɛ jarayelihei (Man Company, Tehran, Iran) kɛ tsɔne ko ni akɛkwɛɔ lá mli lɛ nɔ (Selectra E, nɔmba ni ji 0-2124, Netherlands) lɛ nɔ. Nibii ni yɔɔ mli lɛ amli kɛ nɔ ni yɔɔ teŋ lɛ mli tsakemɔi kɛha urea kɛ Cr lɛ faaa fe 2.5%.
Akɛ methylene blue (MB) gbɛ lɛ tsuɔ nii kɛsusuɔ sulfide fɛɛ ni yɔɔ nu ni anuɔ kɛ lá mli lá ni NaHS yɔɔ mli lɛ mli lɛ he; MB ji gbɛ ni atsɔɔ nɔ asusuɔ sulfide yɛ tsabaai babaoo mli kɛ wala yibii ahe nɔkwɛmɔnii11,37. Akɛ MB gbɛ lɛ baanyɛ asusu sulfide nubu lɛ fɛɛ he38 ni asusu inorganic sulfides ni yɔɔ H2S, HS- kɛ S2 ni yɔɔ nu mli lɛ he39. Yɛ gbɛ nɛɛ nɔ lɛ, sulfur shwieɔ shi akɛ zinc sulfide (ZnS) yɛ zinc acetate11,38 hiɛ. Zinc acetate nugbɔshiimɔ ji gbɛ ni atsɔɔ nɔ ajieɔ sulfides kɛjɛɔ chromophores krokomɛi amli11. Akɛ HCl11 tsu nii kɛtsake ZnS yɛ shihilɛi ni mli wa waa amli. Sulfide lɛ kɛ DMPD feɔ ekome yɛ 1:2 mli yɛ tsakpaa ni ferric chloride (Fe3+ tsuɔ nii akɛ nɔ ni haa hulutsoo baa) lɛ feɔ tsofa ni ji MB, ni anaa yɛ 670 nm40,41. MB gbɛ lɛ nɔ nibii ni ana lɛ husu ji aaafee 1 μM11.
Yɛ nikasemɔ nɛɛ mli lɛ, akɛ 100 μL ni ji nɔkwɛmɔnɔ fɛɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ (solution loo serum) fata tsɔne ko he; no sɛɛ lɛ, akɛ zinc acetate 200 μL (1% w/v yɛ nu ni ajie lɛ mli), DMPD 100 μL (20 mM yɛ 7.2 M HCl mli), kɛ FeCl3 133 μL (30 mM yɛ 1.2 M HCl mli) fata he. Akɛ nɔ ni akɛfutu lɛ wo 37°C mli yɛ duŋ mli minitii 30. 10,000 g kɛ minitii 10, ni akane nɔ ni yɔɔ ŋwɛi lɛ mli lɛ mli nu lɛ mli 670 nm kɛtsɔ tsɔne bibioo ko ni akɛkaneɔ nii (BioTek, MQX2000R2, Winooski, VT, USA) nɔ. Akɛ NaHS (0–100 μM) ni yɔɔ ddH2O (Supplementary Fig. 2) lɛ mli lɛ tsu nii kɛna sulfide mli nibii ni yɔɔ mli lɛ. Afee tsabaai fɛɛ ni akɛsusu nii ahe lɛ ehee. Nibii ni yɔɔ mli kɛ nɔ ni yɔɔ teŋ lɛ ateŋ tsakemɔi kɛha sulfide susumɔi ji 2.8% kɛ 3.4%, yɛ amɛteŋ. Wɔ hu wɔtsɔɔ sulfide fɛɛ ni ajie kɛjɛ sodium thiosulfate-ni yɔɔ nu ni anuɔ kɛ lá mli nɔkwɛmɔnii amli kɛtsɔ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ gbɛ ni awo mli hewalɛ lɛ nɔ42. Nibii ni ana kɛha nu ni anuɔ ni sodium thiosulfate yɔɔ mli kɛ lá mli lá mli nɔkwɛmɔnii lɛ ji 91 ± 1.1% (n = 6) kɛ 93 ± 2.4% (n = 6), yɛ gbɛ kome nɔ.
Akɛ GraphPad Prism tsɔne ni ji 8.0.2 kɛha Windows lɛ tsu nii kɛpɛi akɔntaabuu mli. Akɛ paired t-test tsu nii ni akɛto nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli latsaa kɛ pH he dani akɛ NaHS fata he kɛ sɛɛ mli. Akɛ H2S ni laajeɔ yɛ NaHS-ni yɔɔ mli lɛ mli lɛ bu he akɔntaa akɛ oha mlijaa 100 ni baa shi kɛjɛ shishijee nibii ni aŋɔ lɛ mli, ni koni wɔkwɛ kɛji laajemɔ lɛ ji nɔ ni sa kadimɔ waa yɛ akɔntaabuu naa lɛ, wɔfee gbɛ kome ni atsɔɔ nɔ asusuɔ nii ahe shii abɔ lɛ ANOVA ni Dunnett sɛɛkuu-kɛsaramɔ kaa lɛ nyiɛ sɛɛ. Akɛ gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli tsiimɔ, lá mli urea, lá mli creatinine, kɛ lá mli sulfide fɛɛ ni yɔɔ lá mli lɛ to ŋmeii ni akudɔ kɛ NaHS-ni akɛtsa amɛ ni ji hii kɛ yei srɔtoi lɛ ateŋ kɛtsɔ gbɛi enyɔ ni akɛfutuɔ (teŋ-mli) ANOVA ni Bonferroni post hoc kaa nyiɛɔ sɛɛ lɛ nɔ. Asusu P values ​​ni yɔɔ sɛɛ enyɔ < 0.05 lɛ he akɛ eji nɔ ni he hiaa waa yɛ akɔntaabuu naa.
pH ni yɔɔ nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli lɛ ji 7.60 ± 0.01 dani akɛ NaHS fataa he kɛ 7.71 ± 0.03 yɛ NaHS ni akɛfataa he lɛ sɛɛ (n = 13, p = 0.0029). Nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli latsaa ji 26.5 ± 0.2 ni eba shi kɛtee 26.2 ± 0.2 yɛ NaHS ni akɛfata he lɛ sɛɛ (n = 13, p = 0.0128). Saamɔ 30 μM NaHS solution yɛ nu ni anuɔ mli ni okɛto nu tsɛnsi mli. NaHS mli nu lɛ bɛ shiŋŋ ni emli nibii ni yɔɔ mli lɛ baa shi yɛ be kɛ bei amli. Beni ajie nɔkwɛmɔnɔ kɛjɛ nu tsɛnsi lɛ kuɛ mli lɛ, ana akɛ eba shi waa (68.0%) yɛ klɛŋklɛŋ ŋmɛlɛtswaa lɛ mli, ni NaHS ni yɔɔ nu lɛ mli lɛ ba shi 72% kɛ 75% yɛ ŋmɛlɛtswai 12 kɛ 24 sɛɛ. Yɛ nɔkwɛmɔnii ni ana kɛjɛ nu tsɛnsii amli lɛ amli lɛ, NaHS ni baa shi lɛ jeee nɔ ni he hiaa waa kɛyashi ŋmɛlɛtswai 2, shi yɛ ŋmɛlɛtswai 12 kɛ 24 sɛɛ lɛ, eba shi 47% kɛ 72%. Nɛkɛ saji nɛɛ tsɔɔ akɛ NaHS ni yɔɔ 30 μM ni asaa he yɛ nu ni anuɔ mli lɛ mli lɛ mlijaa oha mlijaa 24 sɛɛ, ni ekɔɔɔ he eko he ni ajie nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ yɛ (Mfoniri 1).
NaHS mli tsofa (30 μM) ni yɔɔ nu ni anuɔ yɛ ŋmɔtɔ/ŋmei tsɛnsii amli lɛ shifimɔ. Beni asaa tsofa lɛ sɛɛ lɛ, ajie nɔkwɛmɔnii kɛjɛ nu tsɛnsi lɛ naa kɛ emli. Akɛ saji lɛ haa akɛ shishijee ± SD (n = 6/kuu). * kɛ #, P < 0.05 kɛ akɛto be 0. Nu tsɛnsi lɛ mfoniri lɛ tsɔɔ naagbee (ni agbeleɔ) kɛ tsɛnsi lɛ gbɔmɔtso lɛ. Tip lɛ falɛ ji aaafee 740 μL.
NaHS ni yɔɔ 30 μM ni asaa he ehee lɛ mli lɛ falɛ ji 30.3 ± 0.4 μM (sɛɛgbɛ: 28.7–31.9 μM, n = 12). Shi, yɛ 24 h sɛɛ lɛ, NaHS lɛ mli nibii ni yɔɔ mli lɛ ba shi kɛtee sɛɛnamɔ ni baa shi (etsɔɔ: 3.0 ± 0.6 μM). Taakɛ atsɔɔ yɛ mfoniri 2 lɛ mli lɛ, NaHS ni ŋmeii lɛ kɛkpe lɛ mli nibii ni yɔɔ mli lɛ jeee nɔ ni yaa nɔ daa yɛ nikasemɔ be lɛ mli.
Nibii ni tee nɔ yɛ be ni sa mli lɛ (kɛjɛ 205.2 ± 5.2 g kɛyashi 213.8 ± 7.0 g yɛ kuu ni kudɔɔ amɛ lɛ mli kɛjɛ 204.0 ± 8.6 g kɛyashi 211.8 ± 7.5 g yɛ kuu ni akɛ NaHS tsuɔ nii yɛ mli lɛ mli); shi kɛlɛ, NaHS tsofafeemɔ lɛ bɛ hewalɛ ko kwraa yɛ gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli tsiimɔ nɔ (Mfoniri 3). Nibii ni tee nɔ yɛ be mli ni be hoɔ lɛ (kɛjɛ 338.6 ± 8.3 g kɛyashi 352.4 ± 6.0 g yɛ kuu ni kudɔɔ amɛ lɛ mli kɛjɛ 352.4 ± 5.9 g kɛyashi 363.2 ± 4.3 g yɛ kuu ni akɛ NaHS tsuɔ nii yɛ mli lɛ mli); shi kɛlɛ, NaHS tsofafeemɔ lɛ bɛ hewalɛ ko kwraa yɛ gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli tsiimɔ nɔ (Mfoniri 3).
Tsakemɔi ni baa gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli tsiimɔ mli yɛ ŋmeii yei kɛ hii amli yɛ NaHS (30 μM) ni akɛha amɛ lɛ sɛɛ. Akɛ saji lɛ haa akɛ nɔ ni tsɔɔ ± SEM ni akɛto gbɛi enyɔ ni akɛfutu (mli-teŋ) mlipɛimɔ ni kɔɔ srɔtofeemɔ he kɛ Bonferroni post hoc kaa lɛ he. n = 5 ni ji bɔlɛnamɔ fɛɛ bɔlɛnamɔ yɛ kuu fɛɛ kuu mli.
Serum urea kɛ creatine phosphate ni yɔɔ lá mli lɛ ji nɔ ni akɛtoɔ ŋmeii ni akudɔ amɛ kɛ NaSH-ni akɛtsaa ŋmeii lɛ ahe yɛ nikasemɔ lɛ mli fɛɛ. Agbɛnɛ hu, NaSH tsofafeemɔ lɛ enaaa lá mli urea kɛ creatinechrome ni yɔɔ lá mli lɛ nɔ hewalɛ (Table 1).
Shishijee serum mli sulfide fɛɛ ni yɔɔ mli lɛ ji nɔ ni akɛtoɔ nɔyeli kɛ NaHS-tsamɔ hii (8.1 ± 0.5 μM kɛ 9.3 ± 0.2 μM) kɛ yei (9.1 ± 1.0 μM kɛ 6.1 ± 1.1 μM) ŋmeii ateŋ. NaHS ni akɛhaa gbii 14 lɛ bɛ hewalɛ ko kwraa yɛ serum total sulfide lɛ nɔ yɛ ŋmeii hii loo yei amli (Mfoniri 4).
Tsakemɔi ni baa yɛ lá mli sulfide ni yɔɔ lá mli lɛ mli yɛ hii kɛ yei amli yɛ NaHS (30 μM) ni akɛha lɛ sɛɛ. Akɛ saji lɛ haa akɛ shishijee ± SEM ni akɛto gbɛi enyɔ ni akɛfutu (mli-mli) srɔtofeemɔ mlipɛimɔ kɛ Bonferroni post hoc kaa lɛ he. Bɔlɛnamɔ fɛɛ bɔlɛnamɔ, n = 5/kuu.
Nikasemɔ nɛɛ naagbee titri ji akɛ, nu ni anuɔ ni NaHS yɔɔ mli lɛ bɛ shiŋŋ: shishijee sulfide fɛɛ ni yɔɔ mli lɛ mlijaa ejwɛ pɛ ji nɔ ni abaanyɛ ana yɛ ŋmɛlɛtswai 24 sɛɛ beni ajie nɔkwɛmɔnɔ kɛjɛ ŋmeii/ŋmei nu tsɛnsii lɛ ashishi kɛ amɛmli lɛ sɛɛ. Agbɛnɛ hu, ajie NaHS ni bɛ shiŋŋ kpo yɛ ŋmeii amli yɛ H2S ni laajeɔ yɛ NaHS mli lɛ hewɔ, ni NaHS ni akɛfataa nu ni anuɔ lɛ he lɛ enaaa gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli tsiimɔ, lá mli urea kɛ creatine chromium, loo lá mli sulfide fɛɛ nɔ hewalɛ.
Yɛ nikasemɔ nɛɛ mli lɛ, H2S ni laajeɔ kɛjɛɔ 30 μM NaHS solutions ni asaa yɛ nu ni anuɔ mli lɛ mli lɛ falɛ ji aaafee 3% yɛ ŋmɛlɛtswaa kome mli. Yɛ tsofa ni akɛwoɔ mli (100 μM sodium sulfide yɛ 10 mM PBS, pH 7.4) mli lɛ, abɔ amaniɛ akɛ sulfide mli nibii ni yɔɔ mli lɛ baa shi kɛ 7% yɛ be mli ni fe 8 h11. Wɔfã NaHS ni akɛwoɔ mɔ mli lɛ he tsutsu kɛtsɔ amaniɛbɔɔ ni wɔbɔ akɛ sulfide ni laajeɔ kɛjɛɔ 54 μM NaHS mli nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli lɛ falɛ ji aaafee 2.3% yɛ ŋmɛlɛtswaa kome mli (4%/ŋmɛlɛtswaa yɛ klɛŋklɛŋ ŋmɛlɛtswai 12 lɛ mli kɛ 1.4%/ŋmɛlɛtswaa yɛ naagbee ŋmɛlɛtswai 12 lɛ mli yɛ hesaamɔ sɛɛ)8. Nikasemɔi ni tsɔ hiɛ lɛ43 na akɛ H2S ni laajeɔ be fɛɛ be kɛjɛɔ NaHS tsabaai amli, titri lɛ yɛ hulutsoo kɛ oksijɛn hewɔ. Kɛji akɛ ŋmɔtɔ fataaa he po lɛ, sulfide ni yɔɔ ŋmɔtɔ mli lɛ laajeɔ oya yɛ H2S ni shwieɔ shi lɛ hewɔ. Nikasemɔi etsɔɔ akɛ yɛ be mli ni ajieɔ nu lɛ, ni heɔ aaafee sɛkɛndii 30–60 lɛ, H2S mlijaa 5–10% laajeɔ yɛ la ni hoɔ lɛ hewɔ6. Kɛha H2S ni jɛɔ mli lɛ mli lɛ, niiamlitaolɔi etsɔ gbɛi srɔtoi anɔ, ni nɔ ni fata he ji tsofa lɛ ni ajieɔ lɛ blɛoo12, ni akɛ plastic film6 haa nɔ ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ nɔ, ni akɛ tsofa lɛ ni akɛwoɔ kɔɔyɔɔ mli lɛ baa shi, ejaakɛ bɔ ni H2S lɛ shwieɔ shi ehaa lɛ damɔ kɔɔyɔɔ kɛ nu lɛ teŋgbɛ lɛ nɔ.13 Spontane of S2 ions, titri lɛ dade ni ji dade, ni ji muji ni yɔɔ nu mli. Bɔni afee ni ekɛ ehe akawo mli lɛ, asaa tsofai ni H2S yɔɔ mli lɛ amli yɛ tsofai ni haa mɔ he jɔɔ lɛ amli44,45 ni no sɛɛ lɛ akɛ argon loo nitrogen tsuɔ he nii minitii 20–30 koni ana akɛ tsofai ni haa mɔ he jɔɔ lɛ mli tseɔ. otoksidashin yɛ aerobic tsabaai amli. Kɛ DTPA bɛ lɛ, HS- lɛ mli la ni tsoɔ lɛ feɔ aaafee 50% yɛ aaafee ŋmɛlɛtswai etɛ nɔ yɛ 25°C37,47. Agbɛnɛ hu, akɛni ultraviolet kane lɛ haa 1e-sulfide lɛ mli la lɛ yaa hiɛ hewɔ lɛ, esa akɛ akɛ tsofa lɛ ato ais nɔ ni abu he kɛjɛ kane he11.
Taakɛ atsɔɔ yɛ mfoniri 5 lɛ mli lɛ, NaHS lɛ fãa kɛfeɔ Na+ kɛ HS-6 kɛji akɛ ekɛwo nu mli; nɛkɛ mligbalamɔ nɛɛ ji nɔ ni pK1 ni jɛɔ mli baa lɛ tsɔɔ, ni damɔ hulutsoo nɔ: pK1 = 3.122 + 1132/T, he ni T jeɔ shishi kɛjɛɔ 5 kɛyashiɔ 30°C ni asusuɔ yɛ Kelvin (K) mli, K = °C + 273.1548. HS- yɛ pK2 ni fa (pK2 = 19), no hewɔ lɛ, yɛ pH < 96.49 lɛ, S2- lɛ efeee loo efeee yɛ fioo ko pɛ mli. Nɔ ni tamɔɔɔ enɛ lɛ, HS- tsuɔ nii akɛ shishitoo ni ekpɛlɛɔ H+ nɔ kɛjɛɔ H2O molecule mli, ni H2O tsuɔ nii akɛ acid ni etsakeɔ efeɔ H2S kɛ OH-.
H2S gas ni mli edɔ lɛ feemɔ yɛ NaHS mli (30 μM). aq, nu mli tsofa; g, kɔɔyɔɔ; l, nu. Akɔntaabuui fɛɛ susuɔ akɛ nu pH = 7.0 kɛ nu mli dɔlɛ = 20 °C. Akɛ BioRender.com fee.
Eyɛ mli akɛ odaseyeli ni tsɔɔ akɛ NaHS tsabaai lɛ bɛ shiŋŋ moŋ, shi kooloi ahe nikasemɔi babaoo kɛ NaHS tsabaai ni yɔɔ nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli lɛ etsu nii akɛ H2S halɔ nibii15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26 kɛ be ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ jeɔ shishi kɛjɛɔ otsii 1 kɛyashiɔ otsii 21 (T). Yɛ nikasemɔi nɛɛ amli lɛ, afee NaHS tsofa lɛ ehee daa ŋmɛlɛtswai 12, ŋmɛlɛtswai 15, 17, 18, 24, 25 loo ŋmɛlɛtswai 24, ŋmɛlɛtswai 19, 20, 21, 22, 23. Nɔ ni wɔna lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ, ŋmeii lɛ kɛ tsofai ni bɛ shiŋŋ lɛ kpeɔ yɛ H2S ni jɛɔ NaHS mli lɛ mli lɛ hewɔ, ni NaHS ni yɔɔ ŋmeii lɛ anumɔ nu lɛ mli lɛ tsakeɔ waa yɛ ŋmɛlɛtswai 12 loo 24 mli (kwɛmɔ mfoniri 2 lɛ). Nikasemɔi nɛɛ ateŋ enyɔ bɔ amaniɛ akɛ H2S ni yɔɔ nu mli lɛ tee nɔ ehi shi yɛ 24 h22 mli loo akɛ 2–3% pɛ H2S ni elaaje lɛ ji nɔ ni ana yɛ 12 h15 mli, shi amɛhaaa saji ni fiɔ sɛɛ loo susumɔ he saji fitsofitso. Nikasemɔi enyɔ etsɔɔ akɛ nu tsɛnsii bibii lɛ baanyɛ aha H2S la ni hoɔ lɛ aba shi15,19. Shi, nɔ ni wɔna lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ enɛ baanyɛ aha H2S ni laajeɔ kɛjɛɔ nu tsɛnsi mli lɛ asɛɛ afo ŋmɛlɛtswai 2 pɛ moŋ fe ŋmɛlɛtswai 12–24. Nikasemɔi enyɔ lɛ fɛɛ tsɔɔ akɛ wɔsusuɔ akɛ NaHS ni yɔɔ nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli lɛ tsakeee ejaakɛ wɔnaaa su tsakemɔ ko yɛ nu lɛ mli; no hewɔ lɛ, H2S ni kɔɔyɔɔ tsɔɔ mli lɛ he ehiaaa 19,20. Nɔ ni yɔɔ naakpɛɛ ji akɛ, nɛkɛ gbɛ ni atsɔɔ nɔ asusuɔ mɔ he nɛɛ kwɛɔ bɔ ni NaHS lɛ damɔ shi shiŋŋ ehaa yɛ nu mli moŋ fe ni eeesusu tsakemɔ ni baa yɛ bɔ ni eyɔɔ mli lɛ mli yɛ be kɛ bei amli lɛ he.
H2S ni laajeɔ yɛ NaHS mli lɛ kɛ pH kɛ latsaa yɔɔ tsakpaa. Taakɛ atsɔɔ yɛ wɔ nikasemɔ lɛ mli lɛ, NaHS ni ajieɔ kɛjɛɔ nu mli lɛ haa alkaline solution50 baa. Kɛji NaHS shwie nu mli lɛ, H2S gas ni shwie lɛ feemɔ damɔ pH value6 lɛ nɔ. Babaoo ni pH ni yɔɔ mli lɛ baa shi lɛ, nakai NaHS ni yɔɔ mli lɛ fa babaoo akɛ H2S gas molecules ni sulfide babaoo ni laajeɔ kɛjɛɔ nu mli mli lɛ11. Nikasemɔi nɛɛ eko kwraa ebɔko pH ni yɔɔ nu ni anuɔ ni akɛtsuɔ nii akɛ nɔ ni akɛjieɔ NaHS lɛ he amaniɛ. Taakɛ WHO ŋaawoi, ni maji babaoo kpɛlɛɔ nɔ lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ, esa akɛ nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli pH lɛ ahi 6.5–8.551 teŋ. Yɛ pH nɛɛ mli lɛ, H2S oksideshin ni baa trukaa lɛ yaa hiɛ aaafee shii nyɔŋma13. NaHS ni ajieɔ kɛjɛɔ nu mli yɛ pH nɛkɛ mli lɛ baaha H2S gas ni atsake lɛ mli falɛ ni ji 1 kɛyashi 22.5 μM aba, ni no maa bɔ ni ehe hiaa ni akwɛ nu lɛ pH nɔ dani ajie NaHS lɛ nɔ mi. Kɛfata he lɛ, hulutsoo be ni abɔ he amaniɛ yɛ nikasemɔ ni yɔɔ ŋwɛi nɛɛ mli lɛ (18–26 °C) baaha tsakemɔ aba H2S kɔɔyɔɔ ni mli edɔ lɛ mli yɛ tsɔne lɛ mli lɛ mli aaafee 10%, ejaakɛ hulutsoo tsakemɔi tsakeɔ pK1, ni tsakemɔi bibii ni baa pK1 mli lɛ baanyɛ aná H28 kɔɔyɔɔ ni mli edɔ lɛ nɔ hewalɛ waa. Kɛfata he lɛ, be kakadaŋŋ ni akɛkaseɔ nii komɛi (nyɔji 5)22, ni akpaa gbɛ akɛ hulutsoo be mli tsakemɔi wuji baaba lɛ hu haa naagba nɛɛ mli woɔ wu.
Nikasemɔi lɛ fɛɛ bɛja ekome21 kɛ 30 μM NaHS solution ni yɔɔ nu ni anuɔ mli lɛ tsu nii. Kɛha tsofa ni akɛtsuɔ nii lɛ mlitsɔɔmɔ (ni ji 30 μM) lɛ, woloŋmalɔi komɛi tsɔɔ akɛ NaHS ni yɔɔ nu mli lɛ jieɔ H2S gas ni falɛ tamɔ nakai pɛpɛɛpɛ kpo, ni akɛ H2S lɛ gbɔmɔtsoŋ sɛɛnamɔ ji 10 kɛyashi 100 μM, no hewɔ lɛ nɛkɛ tsofa nɛɛ yɛ gbɔmɔtsoŋ sɛɛnamɔ lɛ mli15,16. Mɛi krokomɛi tsɔɔ mli akɛ 30 μM NaHS baanyɛ aha plasma H2S lɛ ahi gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli, ni ji 5–300 μM19,20. Wɔsusuɔ NaHS ni yɔɔ nu mli ni ji 30 μM (pH = 7.0, T = 20 °C) lɛ he, ni akɛtsu nii yɛ nikasemɔi komɛi amli koni akɛkase nɔ ni H2S lɛ tsuɔ lɛ. Wɔbaanyɛ wɔbu akɔntaa akɛ H2S kɔɔyɔɔ ni mli edɔ lɛ mli falɛ ji 14.7 μM, ni ji aaafee 50% yɛ shishijee NaHS mli falɛ lɛ mli. Nɛkɛ jara nɛɛ tamɔ nɔ ni niŋmalɔi krokomɛi bu he akɔntaa yɛ shihilɛ kome mli lɛ nɔŋŋ13,48.
Yɛ wɔ nikasemɔ lɛ mli lɛ, NaHS ni akɛhaa lɛ tsakeee gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli tsiimɔ; nɔ ni jɛ mli ba nɛɛ kɛ nɔ ni jɛ nikasemɔi krokomɛi ni afee yɛ ŋmeii hii22,23 kɛ ŋmeii hii18 mli lɛ kpãa gbee; Shi kɛlɛ, nikasemɔi enyɔ komɛi bɔ amaniɛ akɛ NaSH ha gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli tsiimɔ ni eba shi lɛ ku sɛɛ eba yɛ ŋmeii ni afee amɛ nephrectomy lɛ amli24,26, yɛ be mli ni nikasemɔi krokomɛi etsɔɔɔ bɔ ni NaSH ni akɛhaa lɛ tsuɔ nii ehaa yɛ gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli tsiimɔ nɔ15,16,17,19,20,21,25. Agbɛnɛ hu, yɛ wɔ nikasemɔ lɛ mli lɛ, NaSH ni akɛhaa lɛ enaaa lá mli urea kɛ creatine chromium lɛ nɔ hewalɛ, ni enɛ kɛ nɔ ni jɛ amaniɛbɔɔ kroko mli ba lɛ kpãa gbee25.
Nikasemɔ lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ, kɛ́ akɛ NaHS fata nu ni anuɔ lɛ he otsii enyɔ lɛ, enaaa serum sulfide ni yɔɔ ŋmeii hii kɛ yei amli lɛ fɛɛ nɔ hewalɛ. Nɛkɛ niiamlipɛimɔ nɛɛ kɛ nɔ ni Sen kɛ ekrokomɛi lɛ kɛba lɛ kpãa gbee. ( 16 ) Otsii 8 ni akɛ 30 μM NaHS tsuɔ nii yɛ nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli lɛ enaaa plasma sulfide ni yɔɔ ŋmeii ni akudɔ amɛ lɛ amli lɛ nɔ hewalɛ; shi kɛlɛ, amɛbɔ amaniɛ akɛ nɛkɛ nifeemɔ nɛɛ ha H2S ni eba shi yɛ plasma ni ji ŋmeii ni afee amɛ nephrectomy lɛ amli lɛ ku sɛɛ eba ekoŋŋ. Li kɛ ekrokomɛi. ( 22 ) hu bɔ amaniɛ akɛ, kɛ́ akɛ 30 μM NaHS tsu nii yɛ nu ni anuɔ mli nyɔji enumɔ lɛ, ehaa plasma free sulfide ni yɔɔ ŋmeii ni edara lɛ amli lɛ yaa hiɛ aaafee 26%. Nikasemɔi krokomɛi etsɔɔɔ tsakemɔi ni baa yɛ sulfide ni hoɔ lɛ mli yɛ NaHS ni akɛfata nu ni anuɔ lɛ he lɛ sɛɛ.
Nikasemɔi kpawo bɔ amaniɛ akɛ amɛkɛ Sigma NaHS15,16,19,20,21,22,23 tsu nii shi amɛhaaa saji krokomɛi ni kɔɔ nu ni akɛwoɔ mɔ mli lɛ he, ni nikasemɔi enumɔ hu ewieee he ni NaHS ni akɛtsu nii yɛ amɛhesaamɔ gbɛi lɛ amli lɛ jɛɛhe lɛ tã17,18,24,25,26. NaHS ji hydrated molecule ni emli nu ni yɔɔ mli lɛ baanyɛ atsake, ni enɛ saa NaHS falɛ ni he hiaa koni akɛsaa molarity ko he tsabaa lɛ he. Akɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, NaHS ni yɔɔ wɔ nikasemɔ lɛ mli lɛ ji NaHS•1.3 H2O. No hewɔ lɛ, NaHS ni yɔɔ nikasemɔi nɛɛ amli lɛ diɛŋtsɛ baanyɛ aba shi fe nɔ ni abɔ he amaniɛ lɛ.
“Te aaafee tɛŋŋ ni tsofa ni akɛwoɔ mli ni hiɔ shi be kukuoo tamɔ nɛkɛ aná hewalɛ ni hiɔ shi be kakadaŋŋ nɛkɛ?” Pozgay kɛ ekrokomɛi bi sane nɛɛ beni amɛkwɛɔ bɔ ni NaHS lɛ tsuɔ nii ehaa yɛ tsɛŋemɔ hela ni haa mɔ mli fũuɔ lɛ mli lɛ mli. Amɛhiɛ ka nɔ akɛ wɔsɛɛ nikasemɔi baanyɛ aha sanebimɔ nɛɛ hetoo ni amɛsusu akɛ NaHS tsabaai lɛ baanyɛ ahi polysulfides ni yɔɔ shiŋŋ babaoo kɛfata H2S kɛ disulfides ni haa NaHS21 tsuɔ nii lɛ he. Nɔ kroko ni baanyɛ aba ji akɛ, NaHS ni fa fioo kwraa ni eshwɛ yɛ nu mli lɛ hu baanyɛ aná sɛɛnamɔ. Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, Olson kɛ ekrokomɛi. ekɛ odaseyeli ha akɛ H2S ni yɔɔ lá mli lɛ jeee gbɔmɔtsoŋ nɔ ni esa akɛ ehi nanomolar mli loo ebɛ kwraa13. H2S baanyɛ atsu nii kɛtsɔ protein sulfation nɔ, tsakemɔ ni baa yɛ shishitsɔɔmɔ sɛɛ ni saa nitsumɔ, shifimɔ, kɛ protein babaoo he ni amɛyɔɔ lɛ he52,53,54. Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, yɛ gbɔmɔtsoŋ shihilɛi amli lɛ, aaafee 10% kɛyashi 25% yɛ mlɛbo mli protein babaoo mli lɛ ji sulfylated53. Nikasemɔi enyɔ lɛ fɛɛ kpɛlɛɔ NaHS19,23 lɛ hiɛkpatamɔ nɔ oya lɛ nɔ shi amɛtsɔɔ yɛ naakpɛɛ gbɛ nɔ akɛ “wɔkudɔ NaHS ni yɔɔ nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli lɛ mli kɛtsɔ ekɛtomɔ najiaŋdamɔlɔi daa gbi lɛ nɔ.”23 Nikasemɔ ko kɛɛ yɛ oshara mli akɛ “NaHS ji H2S ni akɛhaa lɛ ni afɔɔ nitsumɔ yɛ helatsamɔhe nitsumɔ mli koni akɛto H2S diɛŋtsɛ najiaŋ.”
Sanegbaa ni yɔɔ ŋwɛi nɛɛ tsɔɔ akɛ NaHS laajeɔ kɛjɛɔ tsɔne mli kɛtsɔɔ tsɔne ni haa hulutsoo baa, oksideshin kɛ fotolysis nɔ, ni no hewɔ lɛ, atsɔɔ ŋaawoi komɛi koni akɛba H2S ni laajeɔ kɛjɛɔ tsɔne mli lɛ shi. Klɛŋklɛŋ lɛ, H2S lɛ mli la ni hoɔ lɛ damɔ gas-liquid interface13 kɛ pH ni yɔɔ solution lɛ mli lɛ nɔ11; no hewɔ lɛ, koni hulutsoo be lɛ aba shi lɛ, abaanyɛ afee nu tsɛnsi lɛ kuɛ lɛ bibioo bɔ ni aaanyɛ taakɛ atsɔɔ mli kɛtsɔ hiɛ lɛ15,19, ni abaanyɛ atsake nu lɛ pH lɛ kɛya ŋwɛi husu ni akpɛlɛɔ nɔ (ni ji, 6.5–8.551) koni hulutsoo be lɛ aba shi11. Nɔ ni ji enyɔ lɛ, H2S lɛ mli oksijin ni baa trukaa lɛ baa yɛ nɔ ni kɔɔyɔɔ ni haa wala yibii lɛ tsuɔ nii kɛ tsakemɔ dade ions ni yɔɔ nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli lɛ hewɔ13, no hewɔ lɛ, nu ni anuɔ lɛ mli oksijin ni akɛ argon loo nitrogen44,45 kɛ dade chelators ni akɛtsuɔ nii37,47 tsuɔ nii lɛ baanyɛ aha sulfides lɛ mli oksijin lɛ aba shi. Nɔ ni ji etɛ lɛ, koni H2S lɛ akafite yɛ la mli lɛ, abaanyɛ akɛ aluminum foil awo nu tsɛnsii amli; Nifeemɔ nɛɛ kɔɔ nibii ni nuɔ la he tamɔ streptozotocin55 hu he. Yɛ naagbee lɛ, abaanyɛ akɛ sulfide salts (NaHS, Na2S, kɛ CaS) ni bɛ wala mli lɛ aha kɛtsɔ gavage nɔ moŋ fe ni akɛbaawo nu ni anuɔ mli taakɛ abɔ he amaniɛ tsutsu lɛ56,57,58; nikasemɔi etsɔɔ akɛ radioactive sodium sulfide ni akɛwoɔ ŋmeii amli lɛ shwieɔ mli jogbaŋŋ ni ejaraa kɛyaa fãji fɛɛ amli59. Kɛbashi ŋmɛnɛ lɛ, nikasemɔi babaoo kɛ tsofai ni ji sulfide ni bɛ wala mli lɛ ewo fɔmɔ kotoku lɛ mli; shi kɛlɛ, akɛ gbɛ nɛɛ tsuuu nii yɛ helatsamɔhei60. Yɛ gbɛ kroko nɔ lɛ, gbɛ ni akɛ naabu tsuɔ nii yɛ mli lɛ ji gbɛ ni afɔɔ namɔ ni asumɔɔ fe fɛɛ yɛ adesai amli61. No hewɔ lɛ, wɔkɛɔ akɛ, esa akɛ akwɛ bɔ ni H2S ni akɛhaa mɛi lɛ tsuɔ nii amɛhaa yɛ ŋmeii amli lɛ mli kɛtsɔ tsofa ni akɛwoɔ mɔ mli lɛ nɔ.
Nɔ ni tsiɔ naa ji akɛ, wɔkɛ MB gbɛ lɛ tsu nii kɛsusu sulfide ni yɔɔ nu mli kɛ lá mli lɛ he. Gbɛi ni atsɔɔ nɔ asusuɔ sulfide lɛ ekomɛi ji iodine titration, spectrophotometry, electrochemical gbɛ (potentiometric, amperometric, coulometric gbɛ kɛ amperometrik gbɛ) kɛ kromatograf (gas kromatografi kɛ nu mli kromatografi ni tsuɔ nii jogbaŋŋ), ni nɔ ni akɛtsuɔ nii fe fɛɛ ji MB spektrofotomɛtri gbɛ2. MB gbɛ ni atsɔɔ nɔ asusuɔ H2S yɛ wala yibii amli lɛ he husu ji akɛ, esusuɔ nibii fɛɛ ni yɔɔ sulfur mli lɛ ahe ni jeee H2S63 ni aheee nɔ ko ejaakɛ atsuɔ he nii yɛ acidic shihilɛi amli, ni no haa ajieɔ sulfur kɛjɛɔ wala yibii amli jɛɛhe64. Shi, taakɛ American Maŋkwramɔŋ Hewalɛ Kuu lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ, MB ji gbɛ ni atsɔɔ nɔ asusuɔ sulfide ni yɔɔ nu mli lɛ65. No hewɔ lɛ, nɛkɛ husu nɛɛ enaaa nɔ ko nɔ ko yɛ wɔsɛɛnamɔi titrii ni kɔɔ tsabaai ni NaHS yɔɔ mli lɛ ahe lɛ he. Agbɛnɛ hu, yɛ wɔ nikasemɔ lɛ mli lɛ, sulfide susumɔi ni anáa kɛjɛɔ nu kɛ lá mli nibii ni NaHS yɔɔ mli lɛ amli lɛ ji 91% kɛ 93%. Nɛkɛ sɛɛnamɔi nɛɛ kɛ nɔ ni abɔ he amaniɛ tsutsu lɛ kpãa gbee (77–92)66, ni tsɔɔ mlipɛimɔ pɛpɛɛpɛ ni akpɛlɛɔ nɔ42. Ehe miihia ni wɔkadi akɛ wɔkɛ ŋmeii hii kɛ yei fɛɛ tsu nii yɛ National Institutes of Health (NIH) gbɛtsɔɔmɔi lɛ anaa koni wɔtsi wɔhe kɛjɛ hekɛnɔfɔɔ ni fe nine yɛ kooloi pɛ ahe nikasemɔi amli yɛ preclinical nikasemɔi amli67 ni wɔkɛ ŋmeii hii kɛ yei fɛɛ afata he be fɛɛ be ni ebaahi68. Mɛi krokomɛi ema sane nɛɛ nɔ mi69,70,71.
Yɛ naagbee lɛ, nɔ ni jɛ nikasemɔ nɛɛ mli ba lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ, anyɛɛɛ akɛ NaHS tsofai ni asaa kɛjɛ nu ni anuɔ mli lɛ atsu nii ni akɛfee H2S yɛ amɛhe ni amɛhiɛɛɛ shi lɛ hewɔ. Nɛkɛ gbɛ ni atsɔɔ nɔ akɛhaa nɛɛ baaha kooloi lɛ aná NaHS ni bɛ shiŋŋ ni baa shi fe bɔ ni akpaa gbɛ lɛ; no hewɔ lɛ, ekolɛ nɔ ni ana lɛ kɔɔɔ adesai ahe.
Nibii ni akɛtsu nii kɛ/loo akwɛ mli yɛ nikasemɔ ni yaa nɔ bianɛ lɛ mli lɛ yɛ woloŋmalɔ ni kɛ lɛ kpãa gbee lɛ dɛŋ kɛji abi ni sa.
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